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Jung v. George Washington University

5/26/2005

Petition for rehearing denied September 14, 2005


Argued May 3, 2001


Before WAGNER, Chief Judge, and FARRELL, Associate Judge, and PRYOR, Senior Judge.


Appellant, Kwangho Jung, commenced this action against George Washington University (the University) alleging violations of the District of Columbia Human Rights Act (the Act) and breach of a settlement agreement in connection with the University's termination of his candidacy for a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.). The trial court granted judgment as a matter of law on Jung's retaliation claim, and a jury returned a verdict in favor of the University on Jung's claim of discrimination under the Human Rights Act. On appeal, he argues that the trial court erred in granting judgment as a matter of law on the retaliation claim, in making certain evidentiary rulings, and in instructing the jury. We affirm.


I. Factual Background


According to the evidence at trial, Jung, who was born in Korea, received his bachelor's degree in Political Science and his master's degree in International Relations from Kyungpook National University in Korea. In the fall of 1991, Jung entered the University's Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and began a course of study leading to a Ph.D. Jung majored in International Relations and minored in Comparative Politics.


Jeffrey Henig, Chair of the Political Science Department at the University, testified that the requirements for Jung to continue to the dissertation portion of the Ph.D. program included successful completion of course work and passing a comprehensive written and oral examination. Henig also testified that a candidate for the degree at the University is given two chances to pass the comprehensive examination, but a second failure results in termination from the program. Jung testified that he was aware of this policy. Jung fulfilled the prerequisites for taking the comprehensive examination, but he received a failing grade on the comprehensive exam in May 1994 and again in November 1994. Therefore, the University terminated him from its Ph.D. program.


Jung filed his first lawsuit against the University in 1995 alleging discrimination on the basis of race and national origin in violation of the District of Columbia Human Rights Act, breach of contract and wrongful termination of candidacy for the Ph.D. degree, breach of covenant of good faith and fair dealing, negligent misrepresentation and promissory estoppel. On December 18, 1995, the parties settled the case, and pursuant to the terms of their Settlement Agreement, Jung was reinstated into the Ph.D. program and allowed to take the comprehensive examination a third time. In September 1996, Jung took the comprehensive examination and again received a failing grade.


For Jung's third comprehensive examination, four University professors served on the evaluation committee: Dr. Maurice A. East, Dr. Martha G. Finnemore, Dr. Henry Nau and Dr. James M. Goldeiger (for the written portion only). Each of them testified at trial. Dr. East testified that there are no written or objective standards for guiding members of the executive committee in evaluating oral or written comprehensive examinations. He testified that based on grades in the classes and performance on oral and written comprehensive examinations, "we have to make an overall judgment, has this person shown the skills and analytic capabilities to write an acceptable dissertation." Dr. East also testified that the evaluation committee "look for a cogent grasp of the field of knowledge, which includes the ability to relate different ideas; . . . the ability to analyze in a sophisticated manner; the ability to discrimina

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