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Dow v. Sears Roebuck & Co.11/30/1998
Rockingham
The plaintiff, Ellice Dow, appeals an order of the Superior Court (Gray, J.) dismissing her appeal of a finding of no probable cause by a commissioner for the commission for human rights (commission). We affirm.
Dow worked for the defendant, Sears, Roebuck & Co. (Sears), as a sales person in its Newington store from October to December 1993. Sears terminated her employment the following February.
Shortly thereafter, Dow filed discrimination charges with the commission and the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), alleging that her diabetes and diabetic neuropathy were the actual grounds for her termination. After conducting an investigation, a commissioner concluded that Dow's allegations were not supported by probable cause, and the commission closed its files on the case. Dow appealed this finding to the trial court. See RSA 354-A:22, I (1995). The trial court concluded that RSA chapter 354-A did not permit appeals from findings of no probable cause, and dismissed the appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. The trial court denied Dow's motion to reconsider, and she appealed, asserting that the trial court erred by restrictively interpreting RSA chapter 354-A as only authorizing appeals from final orders of the commission and not from determinations relating to probable cause.
"In matters of statutory interpretation, this court is the final arbiter of the intent of the legislature as expressed in the words of a statute considered as a whole." Petition of Barney, 142 N.H. __, __, 710 A.2d 408, 410 (1998) (quotation omitted). " e begin our analysis with an examination of the statutory language . . . look to the plain meaning of the words used in the statute when possible." Atwood v. Owens, 142 N.H. 396, 398, 702 A.2d 333, 335 (1997) (citation omitted). In addition, "we draw inferences concerning a statute's meaning from its composition and structure." Brouillard v. Prudential Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co., 141 N.H. 710, 715, 693 A.2d 63, 67 (1997).
RSA 354-A:22, I, governs judicial review of decisions by the commission and provides in pertinent part that " ny complainant, respondent or other person aggrieved by such order of the commission may obtain judicial review of the order." (Emphasis added.) RSA 354-A:22 (1995) does not provide for an appeal from any other determination by the commission, nor does it permit an appeal from a decision of an individual commissioner. Thus, the plain language of RSA 354-A:22, I, indicates that an appeal must arise from an order of the commission.
The term "order" is not explicitly defined in RSA chapter 354-A. See generally RSA 354-A:2 (1995). According to RSA 354-A:21, however, the commission issues orders following a hearing in which it decides, upon all the evidence, whether "a respondent has engaged in any unlawful discriminatory practice." RSA 354-A:21, II(d) (1995); accord id. :21, II(f) (1995); see id. :22, II (requiring "a written transcript of the record upon the hearing before the commission" to accompany petition for appeal). In contrast, the assessment of probable cause does not involve a hearing and is made by an individual commissioner. See RSA 354-A:21, II(a) (1995). Specifically, one commissioner must make a finding that "probable cause exists for crediting the allegations [in a] complaint" of unlawful discriminatory practices before the matter can proceed to a merits hearing before the commission. RSA 354-A:21, II(a); see id. :21, II(b) (1995) (establishing procedure for hearing to follow determination that probable cause exists to support allegations). In contrast to the express requirement that an order issue following a hearing by the commi
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