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BICE v. WATERLOO INDUSTRIES8/30/2000
Mary Bice was employed by Waterloo Industries, Inc., on April 4, 1998. She was injured when her hand was caught in a press she was operating. The index, middle, and ring fingers of her right hand were broken and required pinning by an orthopedic surgeon. An administrative law judge found her injury compensable, but the full Commission reversed in a 2-1 opinion. The sole contention on appeal is that the Commission's decision is not supported by substantial evidence. We agree and reverse.
[1, 2] The Commission denied compensation on the basis of Ark. Code Ann. ยง 11-9-102(5)(B)(iv) (Supp. 1999), which provides that an injury is not compensable if the accident was "substantially occasioned by" the use of illegal drugs and that the presence of illegal drugs creates a rebuttable presumption that the injury was substantially occasioned by their use. Whether the presumption has been overcome is a question of fact for the Commission. Express Human Resources III v. Terry, 61 Ark. App. 258, 968 S.W.2d 630 (1998). We will affirm the decision of the Commission on a question of fact if it is supported by substantial evidence. Hope Livestock Auction Co. v. Knighton, 67 Ark. App. 165, 992 S.W.2d 826 (1999). Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion. Weaver v. Whitaker Furniture Co., 55 Ark. App. 400, 935 S.W.2d 584 (1996).
Appellant's injury occurred on a Saturday morning. The following Monday afternoon appellant was given a drug test which showed positive for codeine and methamphetamine. The Commission invoked the rebuttable presumption based on the following colloquy between appellee's counsel and the appellant:
Q. Okay. Well, there's been a drug screen, Ms. Bice, which we've talked about before, which shows positive for
Methamphetamines and also for Codeine. Are you aware of that?
A. Yes.
Q. Where would you think the codeine came from?
A. The Codeine probably came from the Tylenol 3 with Codeine.
Q. And where did you get that?
A. I got them from my mother.
Q. Now, do you have any idea where the Methamphetamine might have come from?
A. I have no idea unless it came out of one of those bottles.
Q. Did you โ between Saturday morning when this occurred and Monday afternoon when you took the โ you have a sample for a drug test. Is that right?
A. Yes.
Q. Did you take anything that would have had Methamphetamine in it during that time?
A. No, not that I'm aware of.
Q. Okay. So it should have been the same on Saturday it would have been on Monday, you would have thought?
A. I would think. I took a lot of stuff for pain over the weekend.
The Commission stated, "Consequently, pursuant to claimant's own testimony, had she taken a drug test immediately following her accident, it would have shown positive for methamphetamines." We need not decide whether the evidence relied upon by the Commission is sufficient to raise the presumption because we are persuaded that, in any event, the Commission erred in not finding that the presumption had been overcome.
Only three witnesses testified at the hearing โ the appellant, the appellee's plant manager, Kenneth Bates, and the appellee's safety supervisor, Ron Margo. Ms. Bice explained how the
machine operated and testified that the press was equipped with straps that pulled the worker's hands out when the die "came down." She further testified that she put the straps on, and that Mr. Bates checked and adjusted her straps and signed the card stating th
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